%% psu-thesis.sty
%% Copyright 2008 Matt Floros
%
% This work may be distributed and/or modified under the
% conditions of the LaTeX Project Public License, either version 1.3
% of this license or (at your option) any later version.
% The latest version of this license is in
%   http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt
% and version 1.3 or later is part of all distributions of LaTeX
% version 2005/12/01 or later.
%
% This work has the LPPL maintenance status `maintained'.
% 
% The Current Maintainer of this work is Matt Floros.
%
% This work consists of the files psuthesis.sty and psuthesis.bst

%-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

% PSU Thesis Style File Compiled by Matt Floros
% This file contains macros for automatic generation of front matter, back
% matter, signature pages, and so forth for Penn State master and doctoral
% theses.  It was pieced together from several sources, and many macros were
% added such that the user should be able to piece together properly formatted
% thesis with simple macro calls without editing this file.
% 
% To generate the title page, the following variables must be set, either in the
% preamble or in the document itself:
% \title{}            (Thesis title)
% \author{}           (Your name as it is to appear on the title page, 
%                     signature page, permission to copy page, and 
%                     UMI abstract)
% \submitdate{}       (Month and year, e.g. December 2000)
% \principaladviser{} (Adviser's name)
% \dept{}             (Academic Department}
% \degree{}           (typically Master of Science or Doctor of Philosophy} 
% to generate the appropriate entries on the title page.
% 
%  \includecopyrightline will add a copyright line on the title page
% 
% 
% Possibly one of the following commands must be issued:
% \thesis 
% \dissertation 
% \proposal 
% 
% to set whether or not you want the title page to say "A Thesis in" "A Thesis
% Proposal in," or "A Dissertation in"  (\thesis is default).
% 
% 
% To generate the signature page, the readers must be set with
% \firstreader{}{}, \secondreader{}{}, up to \sixthreader{}{}.  If the number
% of readers is smaller than six, simply omit the remaining.  Each reader
% command takes two arguments.  The first is the reader's name, and the second
% includes the identifiers for that reader.  The following macros are used to
% format the  identifiers:
% \adviser
% \coadviser
% \chair
% \cochair
% \head{}
% \prof{}
% \assistprof{}
% \assocprof{} 
% or the combinations 
% \adviserchair
% \coadviserchair 
% if these entries are to appear on the same line.  Each command will produce a
% line under the reader's name.  The department is supplied as the argument for
% \head{}, \prof{}, etc.  For example: 
% 
% \firstreader{John Doe}{\adviserchair \prof{Chemistry}\head{Chemistry}} 
% would produce the entry:
% John Doe
% Thesis Adviser, Chair of Committee
% Professor of Chemistry
% Head of Department of Chemistry
% 
% 
% Options are set to select the frontmatter that will be used in the thesis:
% 
% \includecopyrightpage
% \includelistoftables
% \includelistoffigures
% \includepermission
% \includesignature
% \listofsymbols[width]{list symbols here}*
% \dedicationtext{Dedication here.}
% \abstracttext{Abstract here.}
% \acknowltext{Acknowledgements here.}
% \prefacetext{Preface here.}
% \epigraphtext{Epigraph here.}
% \frontispiece{Picture Here}
% 
% If not defined, the item will be neglected.
%
% * The list of symbols command \listofsymbols has an optional argument and
% additional command which can be helpful for typesetting the list of symbols. 
% A command \symbolentry is defined which takes two arguments.  The first is
% the symbol itself and the second is the definition.  A sample use of
% \symbolentry would be \symbolentry{F}{Force}.  Note that the first argument
% is typeset in math mode by default and a command such as \mbox must be used
% to set the symbol in regular text.  The symbol and definition are set with
% the minipage environment defaulting to 1 inch for the symbol, and the
% remaining width of the text for the definition.  Because the minipage
% environment is used, the definition will wrap indented by the 1 inch if it is
% too long to fit on a single line.  The 1 inch can be changed either by
% setting the length parameter \symbolwidth to a different value before calling
% \listofsymbols, or adding an optional argument to \listofsymbols, i.e.
% \listofsymbols[0.5in]{list symbols here}.  If it is desired to change the
% symbol width in the middle, the command \setsymwidth{length} will change the
% column sizes.
%
% Finally, the frontmatter is created with \makefrontmatter which must be in 
% the main text.
% 
% 
% Additionally, a draft command \draft is included which creates a box at the
% top of each page with the date and time of creation.  Note that this changes
% the page style to {plain} where it would normally be {headings} so the draft
% mark does not overlap the chapter headings.
%
%
% A command \numberbychapter causes equations, figures, and tables to be
% numbered by chapter as chapter.number, e.g. the first figure of chapter 2 is
% figure 2.1.  A seperate command \numtheorembychap does the same for theorems,
% lemmas, and definitions, but must be invoked after defining the theorem or
% definition environment.
%
%
% Appendices should be preceeded by either \singleappendix or \appendices,
% which format single or multiple appendices properly  The appendix title
% should be invoked by \chapter as usual after \singleappendix or \appendices
% is issued.
   
\NeedsTeXFormat {LaTeX2e}[1994/12/01]
\def \filename {psu-thesis.sty}
\def \filedate {2008/9/17}
\def \fileversion {1.1}
\ProvidesPackage {psu-thesis}[\filedate\space\fileversion\space
  Contributed and Supported LaTeX2e package]
\typeout {Package: `psu-thesis' \fileversion\space <\filedate>}

% setspace package required for line spacing changes
\RequirePackage[doublespacing]{setspace}

\DeclareOption{master}{\AtEndOfPackage{%
\thesis
\degree{Master of Science}
\includepermission
\includelistoftables
\includelistoffigures
}}

\DeclareOption{doctor}{\AtEndOfPackage{%
\thesis
\degree{Doctor of Philosophy}
\includelistoftables
\includelistoffigures
\includecommittee
}}

\DeclareOption{signature}{\AtEndOfPackage{\includesignature}}

\DeclareOption{draft}{\AtEndOfPackage{\draft}}

\ProcessOptions

% Set up page layout
\oddsidemargin 0.5in 
\evensidemargin 0in
\textwidth 6in  
\textheight 8.3in
\topmargin 0in 
\headheight 0.25in 
\headsep 0.25in 

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%                                             %
%    Make figures fit better on the page      %
%                                             %
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\renewcommand{\floatpagefraction}{0.85}
\renewcommand{\topfraction}{0.85}
\renewcommand{\bottomfraction}{0.85}
\renewcommand{\textfraction}{0.15}

% Stolen from cwebmac.tex
% \datethis to get the date and time on the output.
%
% modified 3/27/92 (sanjeev@cs.psu.edu)
%

\def\today{\ifcase\month\or
  January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
  July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi
  \space\number\day, \number\year}

\newcount\twodigits
\newcount\hrs

\def\hours{\twodigits=\time%
  \ifnum\twodigits>719\gdef\ampm{pm}%
  \else\gdef\ampm{am}\fi%
  \divide\twodigits by 60%
  \hrs=\twodigits%
  \ifnum\twodigits=0\twodigits=12\fi%
  \ifnum\twodigits>12\advance\twodigits-12\fi\advance\twodigits0%
  \ifnum\twodigits>9\printtwodigits:\else\printonedigit:\fi%
  \twodigits=\hrs%
  \multiply\twodigits by-60%
  \advance\twodigits by\time%
  \printtwodigits\space\ampm}

\def\gobbleone1{}
\def\gobbleten10{}

\def\printonedigit{%
  \advance\twodigits100
  \expandafter\gobbleten\number\twodigits
  \advance\twodigits-100 }

\def\printtwodigits{%
  \advance\twodigits100
  \expandafter\gobbleone\number\twodigits
  \advance\twodigits-100 }

\def\datethis{\medskip{\sc\today\ at \hours}\bigskip}

% Commands for the \draft command and box setup.
\newif\ifthesisdraft
\newsavebox{\draftbox}
   \sbox{\draftbox}{\framebox{{\sc Draft:}\quad\datethis}}
\def\draft{\thesisdrafttrue
   \markright{\hfil\usebox{\draftbox}}\pagestyle{plain}}

% Redefine the "empty" and "plain" pagestyles so that the "draft" indication
% will be printed in the head in draft mode.

\def\ps@empty{\let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo\def\@oddfoot{}
\def\@evenfoot{}
\ifthesisdraft
 \def\@oddhead{\hfil\usebox{\draftbox}\hfil}
 \def\@evenhead{\hfil\usebox{\draftbox}\hfil}
\else
 \def\@oddhead{}\def\@evenhead{}
\fi}

\def\ps@plain{\let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo\def\@oddfoot{}
\ifthesisdraft
 \def\@oddhead{\hfil\usebox{\draftbox}\hfil}
 \def\@evenhead{\hfil\usebox{\draftbox}\hfil}
\else
 \def\@oddhead{}\def\@evenhead{}
\fi
\def\@evenfoot{\hfil \thepage \hfil}
\def\@oddfoot{\hfil \thepage \hfil}
}


% \blankpage will produce a "floating" blank page.

\def\blankpage{\begin{figure}
\vskip\textheight
\end{figure}}



% Define \numberbychapter to number figures, tables, definitions and theorems
% within chapters. Any theorem-like environment numbered with theorem inherits
% this numbering (however, be sure to define the theorem/definition
% environment before invoking \numberbychapter).  The LaTeX 2e default is to
% number equations by chapter, so \chapprefix is always set to prefix each
% number with the chapter number.


%\def\chapprefix{\thechapter.}
\def\cl@chapter{\@elt{section}\@elt{footnote}}
\def\numberbychapter{\def\thefigure{\thechapter.\arabic{figure}}
                     \@addtoreset{figure}{chapter}
                     \def\thetable{\thechapter.\arabic{table}}
                     \@addtoreset{table}{chapter}
                     \def\theequation{\thechapter.\arabic{equation}}
                     \@addtoreset{equation}{chapter}
                     \def\chapprefix{\thechapter.}
}                     

\def\thetable{\arabic{table}}
\def\theequation{\arabic{equation}}
\def\thefigure{\arabic{figure}}


\def\numtheorembychap{\def\thetheorem{\thechapter.\arabic{theorem}}
                     \@addtoreset{theorem}{chapter}
                     \def\thedefine{\thechapter.\arabic{define}}
                     \@addtoreset{define}{chapter}
                     \def\thelemma{\thechapter.\arabic{lemma}}
                     \@addtoreset{lemma}{chapter}
}

 
%Define alphabetic sub-numbering of equations, figures, and chapters.  The
%eqnalph environment is an extension to the eqnarray environment to number by
%letters also.  It is commented out because the functionality is available in
%the LaTeX package subeqn.sty.

%\newcounter{saveeqn}%
%\newenvironment{eqnalph}{\setcounter{saveeqn}{\value{equation}}%
%\stepcounter{saveeqn}\setcounter{equation}{0}%
%\renewcommand{\theequation}{\mbox{\chapprefix\arabic{saveeqn}%
%\alph{equation}}}\begin{eqnarray}}%
%{\end{eqnarray}\setcounter{equation}{\value{saveeqn}}%
%\renewcommand{\theequation}{\chapprefix\arabic{equation}}}

\newcounter{savefig}%
\newenvironment{figalph}{\setcounter{savefig}{\value{figure}}%
\stepcounter{savefig}\setcounter{figure}{0}%
\renewcommand{\thefigure}{\mbox{\chapprefix\arabic{savefig}%
\alph{figure}}}}%
{\setcounter{figure}{\value{savefig}}%
\renewcommand{\thefigure}{\chapprefix\arabic{figure}}}

\newcounter{savetable}%
\newenvironment{tablealph}{\setcounter{savetable}{\value{table}}%
\stepcounter{savetable}\setcounter{table}{0}%
\renewcommand{\thetable}{\mbox{\chapprefix\arabic{savetable}%
\alph{table}}}}%
{\setcounter{table}{\value{savetable}}%
\renewcommand{\thetable}{\chapprefix\arabic{table}}}



\def\dept#1{\gdef\@dept{#1}}
\def\advis@r{Adviser}
\def\principaladviser#1{\gdef\advis@r{#1}}

%Define signature page items, modified from Kelliher by Floros 3/8/2000
\def\adviser{Thesis Adviser \\}
\def\coadviser{Thesis Co-Adviser \\}
\def\chair{Chair of Committee \\}
\def\cochair{Co-Chair of Committee \\}
\def\head#1{Head of the Department of #1 \\}
\def\prof#1{Professor of #1 \\}
\def\assocprof#1{Associate Professor of #1 \\}
\def\assistprof#1{Assistant Professor of #1 \\}
\def\adviserchair{Thesis Adviser, Chair of Committee \\}
\def\coadviserchair{Thesis Co-Adviser, Co-Chair of Committee \\}

\def\firstreader#1#2{\def\@firstreader{#1 \\ 
   #2}}
\def\secondreader#1#2{\def\@secondreader{#1 \\ 
   #2}}
\def\thirdreader#1#2{\def\@thirdreader{#1 \\ 
   #2}}
\def\fourthreader#1#2{\def\@fourthreader{#1 \\ 
   #2}}
\def\fifthreader#1#2{\def\@fifthreader{#1 \\ 
   #2}}
\def\sixthreader#1#2{\def\@sixthreader{#1 \\ 
   #2}}

\def\submitdate#1{\gdef\@submitdate{#1}}
\def\copyrightyear#1{\gdef\@copyrightyear{#1}} % \author, \title in report
\def\@title{}\def\@author{}\def\@dept{Your Dept Here}
\def\@firstreader{}\def\@secondreader{}\def\@thirdreader{}
\def\@fourthreader{}\def\@fifthreader{}\def\@sixthreader{}
\def\@submitdate{\ifcase\the\month\or
  January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
  July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi
  \space \number\the\year}
\ifnum\month=12
    \@tempcnta=\year \advance\@tempcnta by 1
    \edef\@copyrightyear{\number\the\@tempcnta}
\else
    \def\@copyrightyear{\number\the\year}
\fi

% This was made more user-friendly by MWF 3/7/2000 such that changes 
% to this file were replaced by setting the \includexxx flags in the
% main document
\newif\iffigurespage \def\includelistoffigures{\figurespagetrue}
\newif\iftablespage  \def\includelistoftables{\tablespagetrue}
\newif\ifcopyright   \def\includecopyrightpage{\copyrighttrue}
\newif\ifsignature   \def\includesignature{\signaturetrue}
\newif\ifcommittee   \def\includecommittee{\committeetrue}

\newif\iflospage 
\newcommand\listofsymbols[2][\symbolwidth]{\lospagetrue 
   \setlength{\symbolwidth}{#1}
   \setlength{\symboldefwidth}{\textwidth}
   \addtolength{\symboldefwidth}{-\symbolwidth} 
   \gdef\list@symbols{#2}}

\def\copyright@line{\vfill}
\def\includecopyrightline{\def\copyright@line{\vfill \begin{center} 
   \copyright\hspace{0.5em} \@copyrightyear\hspace{0.5em}\@author \end{center}
   \vfill}}

% Create commands to help generate the list of symbols. (MWF 7/6/2000)
\newlength{\symbolwidth}\setlength{\symbolwidth}{1in}
\newlength{\symboldefwidth}\setlength{\symboldefwidth}{\textwidth}
\addtolength{\symboldefwidth}{-\symbolwidth}
\def\symbolentry#1#2{\noindent\begin{minipage}[t]{\symbolwidth}
   \singlespace $#1$ \endsinglespace \end{minipage}%
   \begin{minipage}[t]{\symboldefwidth}\singlespace
    #2 \endsinglespace \end{minipage}}

% Change symbol width midstream (MWF 11/17/2002)
\def\setsymwidth#1{\setlength{\symbolwidth}{#1}
\setlength{\symboldefwidth}{\textwidth}
\addtolength{\symboldefwidth}{-\symbolwidth}
}

% This was made more user-friendly by MWF 3/7/2000 such that changes 
% to this file were replaced by setting a thesis flag and the degree
% type in the main document
\def\@thesistype{A Thesis in}
\def\dissertation{\gdef\@thesistype{A Dissertation in} \gdef\@degreetype{Doctor
   of Philosophy}}
\def\proposal{\gdef\@thesistype{A Thesis Proposal in}}
\def\thesis{\gdef\@thesistype{A Thesis in}}

\def\@degreetype{}
\def\degree#1{\gdef\@degreetype{#1}}

% Add option to specify college affiliation, ELH 10/4/2004
\def\@collegename{}
\def\college#1{\gdef\@collegename{#1}}

\def\titlep{%
        \pagestyle{empty}%
        \null\vskip.25in%  changed from 1in to .25in
        \begin{center}
             \textbf{The Pennsylvania State University\\
             The Graduate School\\
             \@collegename }
        \end{center}
        \vfill
        \begin{center}
                \large{\textbf{\uppercase\expandafter{\@title}}}
        \end{center}
        \vfill
        \begin{center}{\singlespace
                \@thesistype \\
                \expandafter{\@dept}\\
                \rm by\\
                \@author\\ }
                %\expandafter{\@copyrightyear} 
        \end{center} 
        \copyright@line
        \begin{center}
             {\singlespace
             Submitted in Partial Fulfillment \\
             of the Requirements \\
             for the Degree of \endsinglespace}
        \end{center}
        \vfill
        \begin{center}
                \@degreetype
        \end{center}
        \vfill
        \begin{center}
                \@submitdate
        \end{center}
        \cleardoublepage}

\def\copyrightpage{%
        \null\vfill
        \pagestyle{empty}
        { \singlespace \begin{center}
                \Large\copyright\ Copyright \@copyrightyear\\
                by\\
                \@author\\
                All Rights Reserved\\
        \end{center}
        \vfill}\cleardoublepage
}

\long\def\signature#1{%
\begin{minipage}{6.0in}
\parindent=0pt \raggedright
{\vrule width 3.9in height 0.4pt\hfill\vrule 
        width 1.25in height 0.4pt \par #1}
\end{minipage}
}


% This was made more user-friendly by MWF 3/7/2000 such that changes 
% to this file were replaced by setting \firstreader..\sixthreader
\def\signaturepage{%
        {\begin{singlespace}
        \noindent We approve the thesis of  \@author. \hfill \\
        \vspace{0.1in}
        \hfill \begin{minipage}{1.25in} \center Date of Signature
        \end{minipage} \\
        \vspace{0.425in}\\
        \ifx\@empty\@firstreader \else 
          \signature\@firstreader\\
          \vspace{0.625in}\\
        \fi
        \ifx\@empty\@secondreader \else 
          \signature\@secondreader\\
          \vspace{0.625in}\\
        \fi
        \ifx\@empty\@thirdreader \else 
          \signature\@thirdreader\\
          \vspace{0.625in}\\
        \fi
        \ifx\@empty\@fourthreader \else 
          \signature\@fourthreader\\
          \vspace{0.625in}\\
        \fi
        \ifx\@empty\@fifthreader \else 
          \signature\@fifthreader\\
          \vspace{0.625in}\\
        \fi
        \ifx\@empty\@sixthreader \else 
          \signature\@sixthreader\\
          \vspace{0.625in}\\
        \fi 
        \par \end{singlespace} \cleardoublepage \pagestyle{plain}
        \typeout{Signature Page.}}
}

% As of Spring 2003, a "Committee Page" is required, rather than a signatory
% page (Signatory page is kept on file in the Graduate School, but only the
% Committee page should appear in the thesis  ELH 10/4/2004
\def\committeepage{%
        {\begin{singlespace}
        \vspace*{0.625in}
        \noindent The thesis of \@author\ was reviewed and approved* by the
         following:\\
        \\
        \\
        \\
        \hspace*{\fill}
        \begin{minipage}[t]{5.5in}
        \ifx\@empty\@firstreader \else 
          \@firstreader\\
          \\
        \fi
        \ifx\@empty\@secondreader \else 
          \@secondreader\\
          \\
        \fi
        \ifx\@empty\@thirdreader \else 
          \@thirdreader\\
          \\
        \fi
        \ifx\@empty\@fourthreader \else 
          \@fourthreader\\
          \\
        \fi
        \ifx\@empty\@fifthreader \else 
          \@fifthreader\\
          \\
        \fi
        \ifx\@empty\@sixthreader \else 
          \@sixthreader\\
          \\
        \fi 
        \end{minipage}\\
        \\
        \\
        \noindent *Signatures are on file in the Graduate School.
        \par \end{singlespace} \cleardoublepage \pagestyle{plain}
        \typeout{Committee Page.}}
}


\def\permissionpage{}
\def\includepermission{%
\def\permissionpage{
\thispagestyle{empty}
\vbox{
    \vskip 2.5in
    \begin{singlespace}
 
\noindent I grant The Pennsylvania State University the nonexclusive right to
use this work  for the University's own purposes and to make single copies of
the work available  to the public on a not-for-profit basis if copies are not
otherwise available.

    \vskip 0.75in
    \hbox{\null\hskip 3.2in \vrule width 2in height 0.4pt}
    \hbox{\null\hskip 3.2in \@author}
    \end{singlespace} 
    \typeout{Permission to copy page.}
} \cleardoublepage }}

%\makeatother

%Set up preface section formats
\def\prefacesection#1{\chapter*{#1}}
\def\prefacesectiontoc#1{\chapter*{#1}\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{#1}}

%Set up specific sections: dedication, abstract, acknowledgments, 
%preface, epigraph, frontispiece, and introduction preceeding chapter 1
\def\dedication@text{}
\def\abstract@text{}
\def\acknowl@text{}
\def\epigraph@text{}
\def\frontis@piece{}
\def\preface@text{}
\long\def\dedicationtext#1{\def\dedication@text{\prefacesectiontoc{Dedication} #1
   \typeout{Dedication.}}}
\long\def\abstracttext#1{\def\abstract@text{\prefacesection{Abstract} #1
   \typeout{Abstract.}}}
\long\def\acknowltext#1{\def\acknowl@text{\prefacesectiontoc{Acknowledgments} #1
   \typeout{Acknowledgments.}}}
\long\def\epigraphtext#1{\def\epigraph@text{\cleardoublepage \thispagestyle{plain} #1
   \typeout{Epigraph.}}}
\long\def\frontispiece#1{\def\frontis@piece{\cleardoublepage \thispagestyle{plain} #1
   \typeout{Frontispiece.}}}
\long\def\prefacetext#1{\def\preface@text{\prefacesectiontoc{Preface} #1
   \typeout{Preface.}}}
\def\introduction#1{\chapter*{Introduction}
   \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{Introduction} #1}


\def\makefrontmatter{
        \pagenumbering{roman}
        \pagestyle{plain}
        \titlep
        \ifcopyright\copyrightpage\fi
        \thispagestyle{empty}
        \permissionpage
        \ifsignature\signaturepage\fi
        \ifcommittee\committeepage\fi
        \setcounter{page}{3}
        \pagestyle{plain}
        \abstract@text
        \tableofcontents
        \cleardoublepage
        
% List of Figures
        \iffigurespage
%This addcontentsline{}{}{} was added by GLG 5/4/91 Moved by MCS 12/14/92.
                \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{List of Figures}
                {\addvspace{10pt}
                \let\saveaddvspace=\addvspace
                \def\addvspace##1{}
                \listoffigures
                \let\addvspace=\saveaddvspace}
                \typeout{List of Figures.} \newpage 
        \fi

% List of Tables 
        \iftablespage
%This \addcontentsline{}{}{} was added by GLG 5/4/91 Moved by MCS 12/14/92.
                \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{List of Tables}
                {\addvspace{10pt}
                \let\saveaddvspace=\addvspace
                \def\addvspace##1{}
                \listoftables
                \let\addvspace=\saveaddvspace}
                \typeout{List of Tables.} \newpage
        \fi

%List of Symbols
        \iflospage
% Reset width of symbol definition width to fill space left from symbol itself        
        \setlength{\symboldefwidth}{\textwidth}
        \addtolength{\symboldefwidth}{-\symbolwidth}
% This \addcontentsline{}{}{} was added by GLG 4/23/96.
                \chapter*{List of Symbols}
                \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{List of Symbols}
                {\addvspace{10pt}
                \let\saveaddvspace=\addvspace
                \def\addvspace##1{}
                \list@symbols
                \let\addvspace=\saveaddvspace}
                \typeout{List of Symbols.} \newpage
        \fi

        \dedication@text
        \preface@text
        \acknowl@text
        \epigraph@text
        \frontis@piece
        \newpage \pagenumbering{arabic}
        \ifthesisdraft
           \pagestyle{plain}
        \else
           \pagestyle{myheadings}
        \fi
        }


% Start with pagestyle{myheadings} in case front matter isn't processed
% Redefine the "empty" pagestyle so that the "draft" indication will be
% printed in the head in draft mode.

        \ifthesisdraft
           \pagestyle{plain}
        \else
           \pagestyle{myheadings}
        \fi


% Bibliography is not included in table of contents by default.  This command
% adds it to the toc and formats it for single space. (MWF 11/17/2002)
\long\def\includebibliography#1{
\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{Bibliography}
\begin{singlespace}
#1
\end{singlespace}
}

% 5/18/92 kelliher
% The bibliography is the first component of the backmatter.  Appendices,
% if present, form the second component.  Appendices are begun with the
% \chapter macro; however, either the \singleappendix or \appendices
% command should be given before any of the actual appendices.  Use
% \singleappendix when there is only a single appendix, for multiple
% appendices use \appendices.

% \singleappendix "redefs" \@chapter so that the proper entry is made in
% the table of contents.  Basically, the appendix should not be "numbered."


% modified 3/8/2000 by Floros to say "Appendix" in the TOC and "Appendix"
% instead of "Appendix A" in document.  This is from LaTeX 2e's report.cls file.
% I copied the entry to this file and removed the \thechapter

\def\singleappendix{\appendix\def\@chapnum{}
  \def\@chapter[##1]##2{
    \refstepcounter{chapter}
    \typeout{\@chapapp.}
    \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{\@chapapp\ \ ##1}
    \chaptermark{##1}
    \addtocontents{lof}{\protect\addvspace{10pt}}
    \addtocontents{lot}{\protect\addvspace{10pt}} \if@twocolumn
    \@topnewpage[\vspace*{50\p@}%
  {\parindent \z@ \raggedright \normalfont
    \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne
        \huge\bfseries \@chapapp\space
        \par\nobreak
        \vskip 20\p@
    \fi
    \interlinepenalty\@M
    \Huge \bfseries ##2\par\nobreak
    \vskip 40\p@
  }] 
    \else 
    \vspace*{50\p@}%
  {\parindent \z@ \raggedright \normalfont
    \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne
        \huge\bfseries \@chapapp\space
        \par\nobreak
        \vskip 20\p@
    \fi
    \interlinepenalty\@M
    \Huge \bfseries ##2\par\nobreak
    \vskip 40\p@
  }
    \@afterheading \fi}}

% Modified 3/8/2000 by Floros to change toc entries to  "Appendix A. <title>"
% instead of "A <title>"

\def\appendices{\appendix
  \def\@chapter[##1]##2{
    \refstepcounter{chapter}
    \typeout{\@chapapp\space\thechapter.}
    \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}%
    {{\protect\numberline{\@chapapp\space\thechapter.\hspace{1em} ##1}}}
    \chaptermark{##1}
    \addtocontents{lof}{\protect\addvspace{10pt}}
    \addtocontents{lot}{\protect\addvspace{10pt}} \if@twocolumn
    \@topnewpage[\@makechapterhead{##2}] 
    \else \@makechapterhead{##2}
    \@afterheading \fi}}


\long\def\UMIabstract#1{\cleardoublepage \thispagestyle{empty}
\begin{singlespace}

\noindent Abstract 
                           
\noindent \@title   
                          
\noindent \@author  
                          
\noindent \@degreetype; \, \@submitdate   
    
\noindent The Pennsylvania State University  
 
\noindent \advis@r; \,Thesis Adviser           

\end{singlespace} \par \vspace{1em}
\noindent #1
\typeout{UMI Abstract.}
}
 

\def\vita#1{\cleardoublepage \pagestyle{empty}
\begin{center} Vita \\ \@author \end{center}
\vspace{1em} #1 \typeout{Vita.}}
