
__doc__ = """Base classes for match providers.

They are used by business objects to give
phrasewheels the ability to guess phrases.

Copyright (C) GNUMed developers
license: GPL v2 or later
"""
__author__  = "K.Hilbert <Karsten.Hilbert@gmx.net>, I.Haywood <ihaywood@gnu.org>, S.J.Tan <sjtan@bigpond.com>"

# std lib
import sys
import logging
import re as regex
import datetime as pydt


# GNUmed
if __name__ == "__main__":
	sys.path.insert(0, '../../')
from Gnumed.pycommon import gmPG2


_log = logging.getLogger('gm.ui')


# these are stripped from the fragment passed to the
# match provider before looking for matches:
default_ignored_chars = "[?!.'\\(){}\[\]<>~#*$%^_]+" + '"'

# these are used to detect word boundaries which is,
# in turn, used to normalize word boundaries in the
# input fragment
default_word_separators = '[- \t=+&:@]+'
#============================================================
class cMatchProvider(object):
	"""Base class for match providing objects.

	Match sources might be:
	- database tables
	- flat files
	- previous input
	- config files
	- in-memory list created on the fly
	"""
	print_queries = False
	#--------------------------------------------------------
	def __init__(self):
		self.setThresholds()

		self._context_vals = {}
		self.__ignored_chars = regex.compile(default_ignored_chars)
		# used to normalize word boundaries:
		self.__word_separators = regex.compile(default_word_separators)
	#--------------------------------------------------------
	# actions
	#--------------------------------------------------------
	def getMatches(self, aFragment = None):
		"""Return matches according to aFragment and matching thresholds.

		FIXME: design decision: we dont worry about data source changes
			   during the lifetime of a MatchProvider
		FIXME: append _("*get all items*") on truncation
		"""
		# sanity check
		if aFragment is None:
			raise ValueError('Cannot find matches without a fragment.')

		# user explicitly wants all matches
		if aFragment == '*':
			return self.getAllMatches()

		# case insensitivity
		tmpFragment = aFragment.lower()
		# remove ignored chars
		if self.__ignored_chars is not None:
			tmpFragment = self.__ignored_chars.sub('', tmpFragment)
		# normalize word separators
		if self.__word_separators is not None:
			tmpFragment = ' '.join(self.__word_separators.split(tmpFragment))
		# length in number of significant characters only
		lngFragment = len(tmpFragment)

		# order is important !
		if lngFragment >= self.__threshold_substring:
			return self.getMatchesBySubstr(tmpFragment)
		elif lngFragment >= self.__threshold_word:
			return self.getMatchesByWord(tmpFragment)
		elif lngFragment >= self.__threshold_phrase:
			return self.getMatchesByPhrase(tmpFragment)
		else:
			return (False, [])
	#--------------------------------------------------------
	def getAllMatches(self):
		raise NotImplementedError
	#--------------------------------------------------------
	def getMatchesByPhrase(self, aFragment):
		raise NotImplementedError
	#--------------------------------------------------------
	def getMatchesByWord(self, aFragment):
		raise NotImplementedError
	#--------------------------------------------------------
	def getMatchesBySubstr(self, aFragment):
		raise NotImplementedError
	#--------------------------------------------------------
	def get_match_by_data(self, data=None):
		return None
	#--------------------------------------------------------
	# configuration
	#--------------------------------------------------------
	def setThresholds(self, aPhrase = 1, aWord = 3, aSubstring = 5):
		"""Set match location thresholds.

		- the fragment passed to getMatches() must contain at least this many
		  characters before it triggers a match search at:
		  1) phrase_start - start of phrase (first word)
		  2) word_start - start of any word within phrase
		  3) in_word - _inside_ any word within phrase
		"""
		# sanity checks
		if aSubstring < aWord:
			_log.error('Setting substring threshold (%s) lower than word-start threshold (%s) does not make sense. Retaining original thresholds (%s:%s, respectively).' % (aSubstring, aWord, self.__threshold_substring, self.__threshold_word))
			return False
		if aWord < aPhrase:
			_log.error('Setting word-start threshold (%s) lower than phrase-start threshold (%s) does not make sense. Retaining original thresholds (%s:%s, respectively).' % (aSubstring, aWord, self.__threshold_word, self.__threshold_phrase))
			return False

		# now actually reassign thresholds
		self.__threshold_phrase	= aPhrase
		self.__threshold_word	= aWord
		self.__threshold_substring	= aSubstring

		return True
	#--------------------------------------------------------
	def _set_word_separators(self, word_separators=None):
		if word_separators is None:
			self.__word_separators = None
		else:
			self.__word_separators = regex.compile(word_separators)

	def _get_word_separators(self):
		if self.__word_separators is None:
			return None
		return self.__word_separators.pattern

	word_separators = property(_get_word_separators, _set_word_separators)
	#--------------------------------------------------------
	def _set_ignored_chars(self, ignored_chars=None):
		if ignored_chars is None:
			self.__ignored_chars = None
		else:
			self.__ignored_chars = regex.compile(ignored_chars)

	def _get_ignored_chars(self):
		if self.__ignored_chars is None:
			return None
		return self.__ignored_chars.pattern

	ignored_chars = property(_get_ignored_chars, _set_ignored_chars)
	#--------------------------------------------------------
	def set_context (self, context=None, val=None):
		"""Set value to provide context information	for matches.

		The matching code may ignore it depending on its exact
		implementation. Names and values of the context depend
		on what is being matched.

		<context> -- the *placeholder* key *inside* the context
					 definition, not the context *definition* key
		"""
		if context is None:
			return False
		self._context_vals[context] = val
		return True
	#--------------------------------------------------------
	def unset_context(self, context=None):
		try:
			del self._context_vals[context]
		except KeyError:
			pass
#------------------------------------------------------------
# usable instances
#------------------------------------------------------------
class cMatchProvider_FixedList(cMatchProvider):
	"""Match provider where all possible options can be held
	   in a reasonably sized, pre-allocated list.
	"""
	def __init__(self, aSeq = None):
		"""aSeq must be a list of dicts. Each dict must have the keys (data, label, weight)
		"""
		if not type(aSeq) in [type(None), list, tuple]:
			_log.error('fixed list match provider argument must be a list/tuple of dicts/None')
			raise TypeError('fixed list match provider argument must be a list/tuple of dicts/None')

		self.__items = aSeq
		cMatchProvider.__init__(self)

	#--------------------------------------------------------
	# internal matching algorithms
	#
	# if we end up here:
	#	- aFragment will not be "None"
	#   - aFragment will be lower case
	#	- we _do_ deliver matches (whether we find any is a different story)
	#--------------------------------------------------------
	def getMatchesByPhrase(self, aFragment):
		"""Return matches for aFragment at start of phrases."""
		matches = []
		# look for matches
		for item in self.__items:
			# at start of phrase, that is
			if item['list_label'].lower().startswith(aFragment.lower()):
				matches.append(item)
		# no matches found
		if len(matches) == 0:
			return (False, [])

		#matches.sort(self.__cmp_items)
		matches.sort(key = lambda x: x['weight'], reverse = True)
		return (True, matches)

	#--------------------------------------------------------
	def getMatchesByWord(self, aFragment):
		"""Return matches for aFragment at start of words inside phrases."""
		matches = []
		# look for matches
		for item in self.__items:
			item_label = item['list_label'].lower()
			fragment_pos = item_label.find(aFragment.lower())
			# found at start of phrase
			if fragment_pos == 0:
				matches.append(item)
			# found as a true substring
			elif fragment_pos > 0:
				# but use only if substring is at start of a word
				if item_label[fragment_pos-1] == ' ':
					matches.append(item)
		# no matches found
		if len(matches) == 0:
			return (False, [])

		#matches.sort(self.__cmp_items)
		matches.sort(key = lambda x: x['weight'], reverse = True)
		return (True, matches)

	#--------------------------------------------------------
	def getMatchesBySubstr(self, aFragment):
		"""Return matches for aFragment as a true substring."""
		matches = []
		# look for matches
		for item in self.__items:
			if item['list_label'].lower().find(aFragment.lower()) != -1:
				matches.append(item)
		# no matches found
		if len(matches) == 0:
			return (False, [])

		#matches.sort(self.__cmp_items)
		matches.sort(key = lambda x: x['weight'], reverse = True)
		return (True, matches)

	#--------------------------------------------------------
	def getAllMatches(self):
		"""Return all items."""
		matches = self.__items
		# no matches found
		if len(matches) == 0:
			return (False, [])

		#matches.sort(self.__cmp_items)
		matches.sort(key = lambda x: x['weight'], reverse = True)
		return (True, matches)

	#--------------------------------------------------------
	def set_items(self, items):
		"""items must be a list of dicts. Each dict must have the keys (data, list_label, weight)"""
		self.__items = items

#	#--------------------------------------------------------
#	def __cmp_items(self, item1, item2):
#		"""Compare items based on weight."""
#		if item1['weight'] == item2['weight']:
#			return 0
#
#		# do it the wrong way round to do sorting/reversing at once
#		if item1['weight'] < item2['weight']:
#			return 1
#		if item1['weight'] > item2['weight']:
#			return -1

# ===========================================================
class cMatchProvider_Func(cMatchProvider):
	"""Match provider which searches matches
	   in the results of a function call.
	"""
	def __init__(self, get_candidates = None):
		"""get_candidates() must return a list of strings."""
		if get_candidates is None:
			_log.error('must define function to retrieve match candidates list')
			raise ValueError('must define function to retrieve match candidates list')

		self._get_candidates = get_candidates
		cMatchProvider.__init__(self)
	#--------------------------------------------------------
	# internal matching algorithms
	#
	# if we end up here:
	#	- aFragment will not be "None"
	#   - aFragment will be lower case
	#	- we _do_ deliver matches (whether we find any is a different story)
	#--------------------------------------------------------
	def getMatchesByPhrase(self, aFragment):
		"""Return matches for aFragment at start of phrases."""
		matches = []
		candidates = self._get_candidates()
		# look for matches
		for candidate in candidates:
			# at start of phrase, that is
			if aFragment.startswith(candidate['list_label'].lower()):
				matches.append(candidate)
		# no matches found
		if len(matches) == 0:
			return (False, [])

		matches.sort(key = self.__cmp_candidates)
		return (True, matches)
	#--------------------------------------------------------
	def getMatchesByWord(self, aFragment):
		"""Return matches for aFragment at start of words inside phrases."""
		matches = []
		candidates = self._get_candidates()
		# look for matches
		for candidate in candidates:
			pos = candidate['list_label'].lower().find(aFragment)
#			pos = string.find(string.lower(candidate['list_label']), aFragment)
			# found as a true substring
			# but use only if substring is at start of a word
			# FIXME: use word seps
			if (pos == 0) or (candidate['list_label'][pos-1] == ' '):
				matches.append(candidate)
		# no matches found
		if len(matches) == 0:
			return (False, [])

		matches.sort(key = self.__cmp_candidates)
		return (True, matches)
	#--------------------------------------------------------
	def getMatchesBySubstr(self, aFragment):
		"""Return matches for aFragment as a true substring."""
		matches = []
		candidates = self._get_candidates()
		# look for matches
		for candidate in candidates:
			if candidate['list_label'].lower().find(aFragment) != -1:
#			if string.find(string.lower(candidate['list_label']), aFragment) != -1:
				matches.append(candidate)
		# no matches found
		if len(matches) == 0:
			return (False, [])

		matches.sort(key = self.__cmp_candidates)
		return (True, matches)
	#--------------------------------------------------------
	def getAllMatches(self):
		"""Return all candidates."""
		return self._get_candidates()
	#--------------------------------------------------------
	#def __cmp_candidates(self, candidate1, candidate2):
	def __cmp_candidates(self, candidate):
		"""naive ordering"""
		return 0
		# FIXME: do ordering
#		if candidate1 < candidate2:
#			return -1
#		if candidate1 == candidate2:
#			return 0
#		return 1

# ===========================================================
class cMatchProvider_SQL2(cMatchProvider):
	"""Match provider which searches matches
	   in possibly several database tables.

	queries:
		- a list of unicode strings
		- each string is a query
		- each string must contain: "... WHERE <column> %(fragment_condition)s ..."
		- each string can contain in the where clause: "... %(<ctxt_key1>)s ..."
		- each query must return (data, list_label, field_label)

	context definitions to be used in the queries, example:
		{'ctxt_key1': {'where_part': 'AND country = %(country)s', 'placeholder': 'country'}}

	client code using .set_context() must use the 'placeholder':
		<phrasewheel>/<match provider>.set_context('country', 'Germany')

	full example query:

		query = u" " "
			SELECT DISTINCT ON (list_label)
				pk_encounter
					AS data,
				to_char(started, 'YYYY Mon DD (HH24:MI)') || ': ' || l10n_type || ' [#' || pk_encounter || ']'
					AS list_label,
				to_char(started, 'YYYY Mon DD') || ': ' || l10n_type
					AS field_label
			FROM
				clin.v_pat_encounters
			WHERE
				(
					l10n_type %(fragment_condition)s
						OR
					type %(fragment_condition)s
				)	%(ctxt_patient)s
			ORDER BY
				list_label
			LIMIT
				30
		" " "
		context = {'ctxt_patient': {
			'where_part': u'AND pk_patient = %(PLACEHOLDER)s',
			'placeholder': u'PLACEHOLDER'
		}}
		self.mp = gmMatchProvider.cMatchProvider_SQL2(queries = query, context = context)
		self.set_context(context = 'PLACEHOLDER', val = '<THE VALUE>')

	_SQL_data2match:
		SQL to retrieve a match by, say, primary key
		wherein the only keyword argument is 'pk'
	"""
	def __init__(self, queries = None, context = None):

		cMatchProvider.__init__(self)

		if type(queries) == type([]):
			self._queries = queries
		else:
			self._queries = [queries]

		if context is None:
			self._context = {}
		else:
			self._context = context

		self._args = {}

		self._SQL_data2match = None

	#--------------------------------------------------------
	# internal matching algorithms
	#
	# if we end up here:
	#	- aFragment will not be "None"
	#   - aFragment will be lower case
	#	- we _do_ deliver matches (whether we find any is a different story)
	#--------------------------------------------------------
	def getMatchesByPhrase(self, aFragment):
		"""Return matches for aFragment at start of phrases."""

		fragment_condition = "ILIKE %(fragment)s"
		self._args['fragment'] = "%s%%" % aFragment

		return self._find_matches(fragment_condition)

	#--------------------------------------------------------
	def getMatchesByWord(self, aFragment):
		"""Return matches for aFragment at start of words inside phrases."""

		fragment_condition = "~* %(fragment)s"
		aFragment = gmPG2.sanitize_pg_regex(expression = aFragment, escape_all = False)
		self._args['fragment'] = "( %s)|(^%s)" % (aFragment, aFragment)

		return self._find_matches(fragment_condition)

	#--------------------------------------------------------
	def getMatchesBySubstr(self, aFragment):
		"""Return matches for aFragment as a true substring."""

		fragment_condition = "ILIKE %(fragment)s"
		self._args['fragment'] = "%%%s%%" % aFragment

		return self._find_matches(fragment_condition)

	#--------------------------------------------------------
	def getAllMatches(self):
		"""Return all items."""
		return self.getMatchesBySubstr('')

	#--------------------------------------------------------
	def get_match_by_data(self, data=None):
		if self._SQL_data2match is None:
			return None

		query = {'cmd': self._SQL_data2match, 'args': {'pk': data}}
		try:
			rows, idx = gmPG2.run_ro_queries(queries = [query], get_col_idx = False)
		except Exception:
			_log.exception('[%s]: error running _SQL_data2match, dropping query', self.__class__.__name__)
			self._SQL_data2match = None
			return None

		# hopefully the most frequent case:
		if len(rows) == 1:
			return rows[0]

		_log.error('[%s]: 0 or >1 rows found by running _SQL_data2match, ambiguous, ignoring', self.__class__.__name__)
		return None

	#--------------------------------------------------------
	def _rows2matches(self, rows):
		"""Turns retrieved database values into a list
		   of dicts fit for phrasewheel use.

		   This method can be overridden to massage arbitrary
		   data into the proper list of dicts.
		"""
		matches = []
		for row in rows:
			# PRW wants a weight
			match = {'weight': 0}
			try:
				match['data'] = row['data']
			except KeyError:
				match['data'] = row[0]
			try:
				match['list_label'] = row['list_label']
			except KeyError:
				match['list_label'] = row[1]
			# explicit "field_label" in result ?
			try:
				match['field_label'] = row['field_label']
			# no
			except KeyError:
				# but does row[2] exist ?
				try:
					match['field_label'] = row[2]
				# no: reuse "list_label"
				except IndexError:
					match['field_label'] = match['list_label']
			matches.append(match)

		return matches

	#--------------------------------------------------------
	def _find_matches(self, fragment_condition):
		"""Loads matching data from PostgreSQL and turns them into
		   matches fit for consumption by a phrasewheel.
		"""
		if self.print_queries:
			print("----------------------")
			print(pydt.datetime.now())

		matches = []
		for query in self._queries:
			where_fragments = {'fragment_condition': fragment_condition}

			for context_key, context_def in self._context.items():
				try:
					placeholder = context_def['placeholder']
					where_part = context_def['where_part']
					self._args[placeholder] = self._context_vals[placeholder]
					# we do have a context value for this key, so add the where condition
					where_fragments[context_key] = where_part
					if self.print_queries:
						print("ctxt ph:", placeholder)
						print("ctxt where:", where_part)
						print("ctxt val:", self._context_vals[placeholder])
				except KeyError:
					# we don't have a context value for this key, so skip the where condition
					where_fragments[context_key] = ''
					if self.print_queries:
						print("invalid ctxt key:", context_key)

			cmd = query % where_fragments

			if self.print_queries:
				print("class:", self.__class__.__name__)
				print("ctxt:", self._context_vals)
				print("args:", self._args)
				print("query:", cmd)

			try:
				rows, idx = gmPG2.run_ro_queries(queries = [{'cmd': cmd, 'args': self._args}], get_col_idx = False)
			except gmPG2.PG_ERROR_EXCEPTION:
				_log.exception('[%s]: error running match provider SQL, dropping query', self.__class__.__name__)
				idx = self._queries.index(query)
				del self._queries[idx]
				break
			# no matches found: try next query
			if len(rows) == 0:
				continue
			matches = self._rows2matches(rows)
			return (True, matches)
		# none found whatsoever
		return (False, [])

#================================================================
if __name__ == '__main__':
	pass
