\documentclass[border=5mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{luamplib}
\usepackage{fontspec}
\setmainfont{Helvetica}
\begin{document}
\mplibtextextlabel{enable}
\begin{mplibcode}
beginfig(1);

path C[], B[];

% arrange each circle so that point 0 is outside the others
C1 = fullcircle scaled 120 rotated 90 shifted 40 up;
C2 = C1 rotated 120;
C3 = C2 rotated 120;

B0 = buildcycle(C1, C2, C3);
B1 = buildcycle(C1, C2);
B2 = buildcycle(C2, C3);
B3 = buildcycle(C3, C1);

picture P;
for x=0 upto 1:
  for y=0 upto 1:
      P := image(
          s := 1/4 + x/2;
          k := 0 + y/4;
          fill C1 withcolor s*(1,0,0,k);
          fill C2 withcolor s*(0,1,0,k);
          fill C3 withcolor s*(0,0,1,k);
          fill B3 withcolor s*(1,0,1,k);
          fill B2 withcolor s*(0,1,1,k);
          fill B1 withcolor s*(1,1,0,k);
          fill B0 withcolor s*(1,1,1,k);
          undraw C1; undraw C2; undraw C3;
      ) shifted -(200x, 200y);
      draw P;
      label.bot(("shade: " & decimal s & ", k: " & decimal k)
                 infont "phvr8r", point 1/2 of bbox P);
  endfor
endfor
endfig;
\end{mplibcode}
\end{document}